Trigeminal neuralgia – Causes, Types & Best Treatment for It

Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder that causes pain on one side of the face that feels like an electric shock. The trigeminal nerve, which transports feeling and connects your face to your brain, is impacted by this chronic pain condition.

If you have trigeminal neuralgia, even minor facial stimulation, such as when you wash your teeth or put on cosmetics, may produce terrible pain.

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Trigeminal neuralgia causes include:

One or more of these patterns may be present in the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia:

Sharp, stabbing, or stabbing pain fits the description of an electric shock
A sudden discomfort that is brought on by actions like eating, speaking, or cleaning one's teeth.
A pain attack might last anywhere from a few seconds to many minutes.
Face spasms could hurt.
Several episodes that occur at once and linger for days, weeks, months, or longer; other people have periods without pain.
The trigeminal nerve sends pain signals to the face, jaw, teeth, gums, lips, and, less frequently, the eye and forehead.
On one side of the face, discomfort is there all the time.

Treatment:

The first line of trigeminal neuralgia therapy is typically medication, while some patients may not require it. However, some sufferers with the illness may eventually cease responding to treatment or have unfavorable side effects.

Injections or surgery are additional trigeminal neuralgia treatments available for those patients.

Your doctor will treat the underlying problem if it's determined that your condition is brought on by another factor, such as multiple sclerosis.

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Trigeminal neuralgia may be brought on by a number of factors, including:

Shaving
Your face being touched
Drinking and Eating
Using a toothbrush
Talking
Applying makeup
Breeze blowing a soft breeze on your face
Smiling
Facial cleansing

Diagnosis:

Trigeminal neuralgia will be diagnosed by your doctor mostly based on how you describe the pain, which may include:

Type. Trigeminal neuralgia-related pain is abrupt, shock-like, and transient.

Location. Your doctor will be able to determine whether the trigeminal nerve is implicated by looking at the areas of your face that are painful.

Triggers. Normal triggers for pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia include eating, speaking, lightly touching your face, and even feeling a chilly wind.

To diagnose trigeminal neuralgia and identify underlying reasons of your disease, your doctor may perform a variety of tests, including:

A neurological assessment. Your doctor can pinpoint the specific location of the pain and, if you appear to have trigeminal neuralgia, which branches of the trigeminal nerve may be impacted, by touching and inspecting various regions of your face. Reflex testing can also assist your doctor in determining whether another ailment or a compressed nerve is to blame for your symptoms.

(MRI) Magnetic resonance imaging. To identify whether multiple sclerosis or a tumor is causing trigeminal neuralgia, your doctor could request an MRI of your head. When viewing the arteries and veins and highlighting blood flow, your doctor may occasionally inject a dye into a blood vessel.