WordPress Files and Permission

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How to define file permissions for WordPress directories and files for ensuring best security?

Permissions defines what users can do with the file or directory. The permissions are represented by a set of numbers called permission mode.

WordPress file permissions:

WordPress file permissions specify who can read, write and execute the files and directories in WordPress website. Permission mode protect the website from unauthorized access by hackers. Permissions are given based on the role that user possess. Along with permission modes, it is always recommended to install security plugins that will reduce the security breach of the WordPress website. Popular WordPress security plugins are: Sucuri, iThemes, Security, Jetpack security, WPScan , Wordfence.

Types of permissions:

  Permissions  Meaning  SymbolNumber representation
ReadView contents of a file or directoryr4
WriteCan modify the contents of a file or directoryw2
ExecuteAllowed to run script files or scripts inside directoryx1
No PermissionUser has no access to the file or directory0

Roles:

  1. User :       The assigned owner of the file or directory.
  2. Group : Members of the group that owns the file or directory.
  3. Others :  All users other than file owner or group members
  4. How to identify the permission mode:

    • 3 = (2 + 1) = Write + Execute
    • 5 = (4 + 1) = Read + Execute
    • 6 = (4 + 2) = Read + Write
    • 7 = (4 + 2 + 1) = Read + Write + Execute

    Example:

    ModeExplanation
    670Owner has read and write only, group has read, write and execute, others have no permission
    777All have permissions for read, write and execute

    Recommended file permissions for WordPress website

    PathPermission mode
    Root directory (usually public_html)755
    wp-config.php444 or400
    .htaccess444 or 644
    wp-includes755
    wp-admin/js755
    wp-content755
    wp-content/themes755
    wp-content/plugins755
    wp-content/uploads755
    Index.php644 or 444

    Fixing permissions

    Therearemultiplewaysto access your files and directories to fix the WordPress permissions. The user can choose whichever is convenient.

    permissions using cPanel:

    cPanel is an online Linux-based graphical interface (GUI) used as a control panel to simplify website and server management. cPanel allows you to publish websites, manage domains, organize web files.

    • Log into your cPanel account. Either find a link on web host dashboard, or type /cPanel after the site URL.
    • READ MORE:  best web development

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